1/26/2024 0 Comments Functional electrical stimulation![]() The application of FES in clinical environment involves both patients care and rehabilitation. Moreover, the limitation of second pulse amplitude can prevent the electrode potential and its corrosion. An inter-phase time delay should be applied between the cathodic and anodic pulses, in order to allow the complete propagation of the action potential along the nerve. Brief rise time in pulses can avoid the accommodation of the muscle fibers. Biphasic waveforms are more used than monophasic in FES, and they are typically made of square pulses. Pulse waveform has to be chosen considering the following: the desired physiologic effect (action potential), any potential damage to the tissue and the potential degradation of the electrode. The second phase pulse is aimed at reversing the electrochemical processes triggered by the first phase pulse, which can occur at the tissue-electrode interface damaging the skin. 2) are made of repeated biphasic pulses, each one composed by a cathodic phase followed by an anodic phase. Monophasic waveforms consist of repeated identical pulses (Fig.1), usually cathodic. FES is used in individuals who have been paralyzed due to injury to the central nervous system, but maintaining a residual peripheral neuro-muscular innervation.įES is typically provided through the application of regular pulse waves made of monophasic or biphasic pulses. INTRODUCTIONįunctional Electrical Stimulation (FES) is a technique based on the application of low-energy electrical pulses to neuro-muscular structures in order to achieve movements or sensations. Results show effective improvements in performances of 4 patients out of 5. The benefits deriving from the application of the new FES protocol have been evaluated by comparing specific quantitative electromyographic parameters assessed before and after the treatment. ![]() The new FES protocol has been tested on a cohort of five subjects with different upper limb neuromotor deficits, during their rehabilitation. Aim of this work is to introduce a clinical FES protocol for upper limbs rehabilitation, in order to assist and train the execution of complex movement, such as flexion- extension of wrist and fingers and palmar prehension. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES), is a tecnique that uses low-energy electrical pulses to artificially generate muscle contractions, in individuals with damages regarding the central nervous system.
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